![]() The word solstice comes from the Latin words sol (sun) and sistere (to make stand still). It is followed by the first day of autumn, which is another equinox. The first day of summer is also a solstice, and it marks the longest day and the shortest night. The first day of spring is celebrated when there is the same amount of light and darkness. It is followed by spring three months later. The point in the season when night is the longest and day is shortest is the winter solstice. When the southern hemisphere is angled toward the sun, it has summer, and the northern hemisphere has winter.Įach season is marked by the length of light and darkness each day. When the northern hemisphere is tilted toward the sun as the Earth goes around its orbit, it is summer there. This happens because the Earth's axis is tilted instead of the north and south poles being straight up and down. The longest night each year happens during the winter solstice. That must be what it was like for ancient people during the winter. You wonder if the sun will ever rise again. ![]() ![]() One of the two days in a year when the direct rays of the sun fall on the equator causing equal day and night all over the globe.Have you ever been awakened in the middle of the night and weren't able to get back to sleep? Sometimes the darkness seems to last forever. The vertical noon rays are directly overhead at the Tropic of Capricon (23☂7´ S). The vertical noon rays are directly overhead at the Tropic of Cancer (23☂7´ N).Īt the time of the winter solstice in the Northern Hemisphere, the South Pole is inclined about 23.4° toward the Sun. Such a year is called a leap year.Įither of the two moments in the year when the Sun’s apparent path is farthest north or south from Earth’s Equator is called solstice.Īt the time of the summer solstice in the Northern Hemisphere, the North Pole is tilted about 23.4° (23☂7´) toward the Sun. The month of february has 29 days in this year. This one full day is added to the month of february in the fourth day. This 1/4th day of four consecutive years is added to make one full day. Revolution of earth around sun in an eliptical orbit takes 364 ¼ days. It occurs on 21st March.ġ) One rotation of the earth on its axis takes about 24 hours.Ģ) The journey of the earth around the sun in an eliptical orbit.ģ) The seasons are opposite in the two hemispheres.ĥ) The circle that separates day and night on the Earth is called Vernal Equinox/Spring (three months after winter solstice) - Overhead rays are once again on the equator but their transition is from southern hemisphere to northern hemisphere. Northern hemisphere has shorter days and longer nights. Places of the Antarctic Circle experience only daylight and no light. Southern hemisphere has a summer season with 22nd December being the longest day. Winter solstice (six months after summer solstice)- South pole is tilted towards the sun and the overhead rays of the sun are falling on the Tropic of Capricorn. Entire earth has day and night of equal duration. Southern hemisphere experiences winter and days are shorter and nights are longer.Īutumnal Equinox (three months after summer solstice) - Overhead rays are in transition from the northern hemisphere to southern hemisphere. The region between the Arctic circle and the North pole has a period of only daylight and no night. Northern hemisphere has the summer season with 21st June being the longest day (longer days and shorter nights). The overhead or direct rays of sun fall on the Tropic of Cancer. Summer Solstice- The North Pole is tilted towards the sun. ![]()
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